ls -al # list all files, long listing
What Directory am I Currently In
pwd # show present working directory
List the Contents of a file
cat file_name # list the contents of file file_name
Change Current Directory
cd directory_name # change pwd to directory_name (relative to pwd)
cd # return to users home directory
cd .. # move up one level (parent)in the directory tree
cd . # don't move
cd / # move to root (/) directory
cd ./directory_name # move to directory directory_name relative to pwd
cd ../directory_name # move to directory directory_name relative to parent of
# pwd
note: "." represents the current directory, ".." represents its parent
Delete a File
rm file_name # remove file file_name
Delete a Directory and All Files in It
rm -r directory_name # remove directory directory_name and all files in it
Create a Directory
mkdir directory_name
What is My Search Path
echo $PATH # note that $ is required to specify contents of variable PATH
set # show all environment variables (sh and ksh)
note that $ is required to specify contents of variable PATH
Reset My Search Path
PATH=/bin:/opt/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/ucb:.
export PATH # make PATH available to subshells
. .profile # reset initial login definitions
Stop Current Process
<cntl> c
Change File Permissions
chmod 700 file_name # give file file_name read/write/execute permission to user
chmod 444 file_name # give file file_name read permission to user/group/world
chmod 001 file_name # give file file_name execute permission to world
chmod 777 file_name # give file file_name read/write/execute permission to
# user/group/world
Who is Logged On
who # show who is logged on
Output a Page At A Time
cat file_name | more # pipe output from cat to more
Translate Characters
tr "A-Z" "a-z" < file_name # convert all uppercase letters to lowercae in
# file file_name
tr ",:" "\011" < file_name # convert all commas to tabs in file file_name
cat file_name | tr ",:" "\011" # convert all commas to tabs in file file_name